Handbook of retinal screening in diabetes: diagnosis and management

Beginning with chapters summarizing the basics of diabetic retinopathy, this updated volume outlines the need for screening, how to screen safely and correctly, and the normal condition of the retina without diabetic retinopathy, allusing excellent line and halftone illustrations. The core focus then moves onto examining each different form of retinopathy, all supported by outstandingcolor retinal photographs illustrating the appearance of the retina at various stages of retinopathy, plus an analysis on the best treatment for each stage. The book ends with chapters providing self-assessment questions of the type that screeners will encounter when gaining their now mandatory retinal screening qualifications, as well as a background information chapter offering adviceon related UK, European, and US organizations. A website contains all the full-color retinopathy images from the book, with the option to download these into presentations. INDICE: Preface, ixHow to use this book, x1 Type 1 Diabetes, 1What causes type 1 diabetes?, 1Who gets type 1 diabetes?, 1How does it present?, 1Essentials of management, 2Complications, 7History, 8Further reading, 92 Type 2 Diabetes, 10What causes type 2 diabetes?, 10Who gets type 2 diabetes?, 10How does itpresent?, 11Management, 11Complications, 14History, 15Further reading, 173 The Eye in Diabetes, 18Structure of the normal eye, 18The retina, 21Diabetic retinopathy, 22Treatment of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy, 26Further reading, 284 The Need to Screen, 29Is blindness preventable?, 29Can the progression of retinopathy be slowed?, 32Detecting asymptomatic retinopathy by screening, 32The five principles of retinal screening, 35Quality assurance, 36Retinal screening from the patient’s perspective, 38Retinal screening from the screener’s perspective, 39History of the development of retinal screening by photography-based systems in the UK, 40Further reading, 415 Practical Screening, 42Important first steps, 42Measuring visual acuity, 43Instilling eyedrops, 47Obtaining the image, 50Examining the image, 51Grading the image, 54Explaining the results of screening, 57Success of the screening visit, 59Organization of a district screening system, 59Links with your ophthalmologist, 62Further reading, 646 Normal Retinal Appearances, 65Light refl ection artefact (Figure 6.1), 66Light reflection artefact (Figure 6.2), 67Tortuous vessels (Figure 6.3), 68Tigerstriping (Figure 6.4), 69Tiger striping (Figure 6.5), 70Myelinated fibres (Figure 6.6), 71Myopic crescent (Figure 6.7), 72Pigmented image (Figure 6.8), 73Asteroid hyalosis (Figure 6.9), 74Choroidal circulation (Figure 6.10), 75Eyelash artefact (Figure 6.11), 767 Background Retinopathy, 77What is background retinopathy?, 77Lesions, 77Early background (Figure 7.1), 78Early background (Figure 7.2a), 79Early background (red-free version of Figure 7.2a) (Figure 7.2b),80Early background (Figure 7.3), 81Early background (Figure 7.4), 82Early background (Figure 7.5), 83Early background (Figure 7.6), 84Moderate background (Figure 7.7a), 85Moderate background (red-free version of Figure 7.7a) (Figure 7.7b), 868 Maculopathy, 87What is maculopathy?, 87Management of maculopathy, 88Exudates close to the fovea (Figure 8.1), 90Severe retinopathy close to the macula (Figure 8.2), 91Widespread exudates (Figure 8.3), 92Large plaque exudates (Figure 8.4), 93Linear exudates close to the fovea (Figure 8.5), 94Plaque exudates near the fovea (Figure 8.6), 95Circinate exudates within the arcades (Figure 8.7), 96Widespread exudates with circinates (Figure 8.8), 97Coalescent exudates in the macular region (Figure 8.9), 989 Severe Non-proliferative (Pre-proliferative’) Retinopathy, 99Management of severe, non-proliferative retinopathy, 99Severe non-proliferative retinopathy (Figure 9.1), 100Severe non-proliferative retinopathy (Figure 9.2), 101Severe non-proliferative retinopathy (Figure 9.3), 102Severe non-proliferative (Figure 9.4), 10310 Proliferative Retinopathy, 104What is proliferative retinopathy?, 104Management of proliferative retinopathy, 104New vessels on the disc (Figure 10.1), 105Disc new vessels (Figure 10.2), 106Retinal new vessels (Figure 10.3a), 107Retinal new vessels - red-free image of Figure 10.3a (Figure 10.3b), 108New vessels on the retina (Figure 10.4), 109New vessels on the retina (Figure 10.5), 110New vessels on the retina (Figure 10.6), 111New vessels on the retina (Figure 10.7a), 112New vessels on the retina - red-free version of Figure 10.7a (Figure 10.7b), 113Old panretinal laser scars (Figure 10.8), 114Panretinal laser scars (Figure 10.9), 115Disc and retinal new vessels, with exudative maculopathy (Figure 10.10a), 116Disc and retinal new vessels, with exudative maculopathy (red-free version of Figure 10.10a) (Figure 10.10b), 11711 Advanced Diabetic Eye Disease, 118What is advanced?, 118Management of advanced diabetic eye disease, 118Early fi brosis (Figure 11.1), 119Fibrosis (Figure 11.2), 120Fibrovascular membrane (Figure 11.3), 121Preretinal haemorrhage (Figure 11.4), 122Preretinal haemorrhage (Figure 11.5), 123Severe exudative maculopathy (Figure 11.6), 124Preretinal haemorrhage and persisting new vessel formation (Figure 11.7), 125Preretinal haemorrhage (Figure 11.8), 126Fibrous band and heavy laser scars (Figure 11.9), 12712Non-diabetic Eye Disease, 128What other diseases are common?, 128Other eye diseases, 128Drusen (Figure 12.1), 131Drusen (Figure 12.2), 132Atrophic chorioretinital scars (Figure 12.3), 133Old chorioretinitis (Figure 12.4), 134Papilloedema (Figure 12.5), 135One year later - same eye as shown in Figure 12.5 (Figure 12.6), 136Papilloedema (Figure 12.7), 137Pigment epithelial hypertrophy (Figure 12.8), 138Cholesterol embolus (Figure 12.9), 139Branch retinal vein occlusion (Figure 12.10), 140Central retinal vein occlusion (Figure 12.11), 141Branch retinal artery occlusion (Figure 12.12), 142Glaucomatous disc (Figure 12.13), 143Macular hole (Figure 12.14), 14413 Background Information, 145The UK Retinal Screening Diploma, 145Working towards the full Diploma, 146Driving and diabetes, 146Pregnancy, 147Insurance and diabetes, 147Employment and diabetes, 147Prescription charges, 148British Association of Retinal Screening, 148Diabetes UK, 148National Retinopathy Screening Systems, 149Patient leaflets, 149Ophthalmoscopy, 15014 Self-assessment Questions, 152Chapter 1, 152Chapter 2, 153Chapter 3, 154Chapter 4, 154Chapter 5, 155Chapters 6-12, 15715 Answers to Self-assessment Questions, 158Chapter 1, 158Chapter 2, 159Chapter 3, 160Chapter 4, 160Chapter 5, 16116 Glossary of terms, 163Index, 167Companion websiteThis book is accompanied by a companion website: www.wiley.com/go/taylor/retinalscreeningThe website features:€ó PowerPoints of all fi gures from the book for downloading

• ISBN: 978-0-470-65849-9
• Editorial: John Wiley & Sons
• Encuadernacion: Rústica
• Páginas: 184
• Fecha Publicación: 13/04/2012
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés