Phase transformations in steels Vol. 1 Fundamentals and diffusion-controlled transformations

A new and comprehensive book on phase transformations is both timely and welcome… The various chapters bring nicely up-to-date the vast knowledge of steel transformations in the literature.Professor Ted Massalski, Carnegie Mellon University, USA (from the Foreword) - discusses the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, diffusion and kinetics - considers various transformations, including ferrite formation, proeutectoid ferrite and cementite transformations - considers additional driving forces for transformation including nucleation and growth during austenite-to-ferrite phase transformations The processing-microstructure-property relationships in steels continue to present challenges to researchers because of the complexity of phase transformation reactions and the wide spectrum of microstructures and properties achievable. This major two-volume work summarises the current state of research on phase transformations in steels and its implications for the emergence of new steels with enhanced engineering properties. Volume 1 reviews fundamentals and diffusion-controlled phase transformations. After a historical overview, chapters in part one discuss fundamental principles of thermodynamics, diffusion and kinetics as well as phase boundary interfaces. Chapters in part two go on to consider ferrite formation, proeutectoid ferrite and cementite transformations, pearlite formation and massive austenite-ferrite phase transformations. Part three discusses the mechanisms of bainite transformations, including carbide-containing and carbide-free bainite. The final part of the book considers additional driving forcesfor transformation including nucleation and growth during austenite-to-ferrite phase transformations, dynamic strain-induced ferrite transformations (DIST)as well as the effects of magnetic fields and heating rates. With its distinguished editors and distinguished international team of contributors, the two volumes of Phase transformations in steels is a standard reference for all those researching the properties of steel and developing new steels in such areas as automotive engineering, oil and gas and energy production. INDICE: PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS The historical development of phase transformations understanding in ferrous alloysR E Hackenberg, Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA - Introduction - The legacy of ferrous technology, characterization, and understanding prior to 1880 - The recognition of ferrous phase transformations in the first period (1880-1925) - The consolidation of ferrous phase transformations in the second period (1925-1970) - Conclusion - Bibliography Thermodynamics of phase transformations in steelsJ Ågren, Royal Institute of technology (KTH), Sweden - Introduction: The use of thermodynamics in phase transformations - External and internal variables - The state of equilibrium - The combined first and second law - its application - The calculation of thermodynamic properties and equilibrium under fixed T, P and composition - Gibbs energy of phases in steel - the Calphad method - Various kinds of phase diagrams - Effect of interfaces - Thermodynamics of fluctuations in equilibrium systems - Thermodynamics of nucleation - References Fundamentals of diffusion in phase transformations in steelsM Hillert, Royal Institute of technology (KTH), Sweden - Introduction - Driving forces of simultaneous processes - Atomistic model of diffusion - Change to a new frame of reference - Evaluation of mobilities - Trapping and transition to diffusionless transformation - Future trends - Acknowledgement - References Kinetics of phase transformations in steelsS van der Zwaag, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), The Netherlands - Introduction - General kinetic models - Geometrical /microstructural aspects in kinetics - Nucleation - Growth - Experimental methods - Industrial relevance - Acknowledgements - References Structure, energy andmigration of phase boundaries in steelsM Enomoto, Ibaraki University, Japan -Introduction - Atomic structure of phase boundaries - Free energies of phase boundaries - Migration of phase boundaries - Conclusions and future trends - References PART 2 DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED TRANSFORMATIONS Fundamentals of ferrite formation in steelsM Strangwood, The University of Birmingham, UK - Introduction - Crystallography - Transformation ranges - Nucleation - Growth - Conclusions - References Proeutectoid ferrite and cementite transformations in steelsM V Kral, University of Canterbury, New Zealand - Introduction - Temperature-composition range of formation of proeutectoid ferrite and cementite - The Dubé morphological classification system - Three dimensional morphological classifications - Crystallographic orientation relationships with austenite - Habitplane, growth direction and interfacial structure of proeutectoid precipitates - Future trends - Sources of further information and advice - Acknowledgements - References The formation of pearlite in steelsD Embury, McMaster University, Canada - Introduction - An overview of the pearlite reaction - Crystallographic aspects of the reaction - The role of alloying elements - The deformation of pearlite - Future trends in pearlitic steels - Sources of further information and advice - Acknowledgements - References Nature and kinetics of the massive austenite-ferrite phase transformations in steelsY Liu, Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Germany and Tianjin University, P R China, F Sommer, Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, E J Mittemeijer, Max Planck Institute for Metals Research and University of Stuttgart, Germany - Introduction -Kinetic information based on thermal analysis - Modular phase transformation model - Characteristics of normal and abnormal transformations - Kinetics of the normal transformation - Kinetics of the abnormal transformation - Transition from diffusion-controlled growth to interface-controlled growth - Transitionfrom interface-controlled growth to diffusion-controlled growth - Massive transformation under uniaxial compressive stress - Conclusion - References PART 3BAINITE AND DIFFUSIONAL-DISPLACIVE TRANSFORMATIONS Mechanisms of bainite transformation in steelsS B Singh, Indian Institute of Technology, India - Introduction - Bainite: general characteristics - Diffusion controlled growth mechanism - Displacive mechanism of transformation - Summary and Conclusion - References Carbide-containing bainite transformation in steelsT Furuhara, Tohoku University, Japan - Definitions of bainite structure - Crystallography and relatedcharacteristics of ferrite in bainite - Characteristics of carbide precipitation in bainite structure - Future trends - References Carbide-free bainite transformation in steelsF G Caballero, National Center for Metallurgical Research(CENIM-CSIC), Spain - Introduction - Influence of silicon on cementite precipitation in steels - Carbon distribution during the carbide-free bainite reaction - Microstructural observations of plastic accommodation in carbide-free bainite - Conclusions - Acknowledgement - References Kinetics of bainite transformation in steelsA Borgenstam and M Hillert, KTH, (Royal Institute of Technology), Sweden - Introduction - Transformation diagrams - Nucleation and growth of bainite - Start temperature of bainite - Effect of alloying elements - Overall kinetics - Conclusions - Acknowledgements - References PART 4 ADDITIONAL DRIVING FORCES FOR TRANSFORMATIONS Nucleation and growth during the austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation in steels after plastic deformationJ Sietsma, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands and Ghent University, Belgium - Introduction - Background - Experiments and simulations on the effect of plastic deformation on ferrite formation - Future trends and conclusion - References Dynamic strain-induced ferrite transformation (DIST) in steelsP D Hodgson and H Beladi, Deakin University, Australia - Introduction - What limits grain refinement in conventional static transformation? - Ultrafine ferrite formation in steels - Nature of the transformation - Modellingm be achieved? - Cangrain sizes less than - Industrial implementation - Areas for further work -Conclusions - Acknowledgements - References The effect of a magnetic field onphase transformations in steelsY Zhang and C Esling, University of Metz, France - Introduction - Evolution of the magnetic field generators - Basic mechanisms of field influence on a phase transformation in steels - Effect of magnetic field on phase equilibrium and transformation - Future trends and conclusions - References The effect of heating rate on phase transformations in steelsand Fe-Ni-Based alloysY Y Meshkov, National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine and E V Pereloma, University of Wollongong, Australia - Introduction - Effect of heating rate on austenite formation in steels - Effect of heating rate on austenite microstructure after ??? (?')?? phase transformations in quenched steels - Effect of rapid heating on mechanical properties of steels and its applications - Effect of heating rate on the reverse austenite transformation in Fe-Ni -based alloys - Conclusions - References

• ISBN: 978-1-84569-970-3
• Editorial: Woodhead
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 656
• Fecha Publicación: 30/05/2012
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés