Attainable Region Theory: An Introduction to Choosing an Optimal Reactor

Learn how to effectively interpret, select and optimize reactors for complex reactive systems, using Attainable Region theory Teaches how to effectively interpret, select and optimize reactors for complex reactive systems, using Attainable Region (AR) theory Written by co–founders and experienced practitioners of the theory Covers both the fundamentals of AR theory for readers new to the field, as we all as advanced AR topics for more advanced practitioners for understanding and improving  realistic reactor systems Includes over 200 illustrations and 70 worked examples explaining how AR theory can be applied to complex reactor networks, making it ideal for instructors and self–study Interactive software tools and examples written for the book help to demonstrate the concepts and encourage exploration of the ideas INDICE: Preface .Acknowledgment .Prior Knowledge .How this book is structured .Software and companion website .Nomenclature .Chapter 1: Introduction .1. Introduction .2. Motivation .2.1. Toluene production as a case study .2.2. Part one: initial investigations .2.3. Part two .2.4. Part three: Coffee .2.5. Part four: Additional improvements .2.6. What this book is about .3. Reactor network synthesis .4. Solving the reactor network synthesis problem .4.1. Reactor superstructures .4.2. Attainable Region theory .4.3. Attainability problems outside of reactor design .5. Chapter review .Chapter 2: Concentration and mixing .1. Introduction .1.1. Review .1.2. Re–visualizing concentration data .2. Concentration vectors and dimension .2.1. Moving on a line: table salt and water .2.2. Moving freely through space .3. Mixing .3.1. Introduction .3.2. Additional insights .3.3. Different ways of synthesizing CC .3.4. Mixing and attainability .3.5. n–dimensional mixing and convex hulls .4. Chapter review .Chapter 3: The Attainable Region .1. Introduction .2. A mixing and reaction game .2.1. Introduction and rules of the game .2.2. Filling in the region .2.3. Scenario 1: selecting points from region A .2.4. Scenario 2: selecting points from region B1 .2.5. Further improvements .3. The Attainable Region .3.1. Ten experiments .3.2. The limit of infinitely many batches .4. Elementary properties of the Attainable Region .5. Chapter review .Chapter 4: Reaction .1. Introduction .2. Reaction rates and stoichiometry .2.1. Benzene reaction rate .2.2. Toluene reaction rate .3. Reaction from a geometric viewpoint .3.1. The rate vector .3.2. Rate fields .4. Three fundamental continuous reactor types .4.1. Motivation .4.2. The Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) .4.3. The Continuous flow Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) .4.4. The Differential Side–stream Reactor (DSR) .4.5. Summary .5. Mixing temperatures .5.1. Motivation .5.2. Adiabatic energy balance .5.3. Non–adiabatic energy balance .6. Additional properties of the AR .7. Chapter review .Chapter 5: Two–dimensional constructions .1. Introduction .2. A framework for tackling AR problems .3. Two–dimensional Van de Vusse kinetics .3.1. Introduction .3.2. Scenario 1: a1 = a2 .3.3. Scenario 2: a1 < a2 .3.4. Scenario 3: a1 > a2 .3.5. Review .4. Multiple CSTR steady–states and isolas .4.1. Introduction .4.2. Step 1: Define the problem .4.3. Step 2: AR construction .4.4. Steps 3 to 5: Interpretation and optimization .5. Constructions in residence time space .5.1. Significance of residence time constructions .5.2. Mixing in residence time space .5.3. Visualizing residence time data .5.4. Unbounded regions .5.5. Example: Optimal reactor structure for minimum residence time .6. Chapter review .Chapter 6: Higher dimensional AR theory .1. Introduction .2. Dimension and stoichiometry .2.1. The stoichiometric subspace .2.2. Concentrations orthogonal to the stoichiometric subspace .2.3. Number of independent reactor structures .3. The three fundamental reactor types used in AR theory .3.1. Introduction .3.2. Extreme points and reaction .3.3. Two important theorems .4. Critical DSRs and CSTRs .4.1. Overview .4.2. Controllability .4.3. Computing critical DSR trajectories .4.4. Computing critical CSTR points .5. Chapter review .Chapter 7: Applications of AR theory .1. Introduction .2. Higher dimensional constructions .2.1. Three–dimensional Van de Vusse kinetics .2.2. BTX kinetics .3. Nonisothermal constructions and reactor type constraints .3.1. Adiabatic reaction .3.2. Constrained AR construction using only PFRs .3.3. Insights into inter–stage and cold–shot cooling operation .4. ARs for batch reactors .4.1. Introduction .4.2. Similarities between batch and continuous reactive equipment .4.3. Example: three–dimensional Van de Vusse kinetics revisited .5. Chapter review .Chapter 8: AR construction algorithms .1. Introduction .2. Preliminaries .2.1. Hyperplanes .2.2. Computing the stoichiometric subspace S .3. Overview of AR construction methods .3.1. Introduction .3.2. Inside–out versus outside–in methods .4. Inside–out construction methods .4.1. The Recursive Constant Control policy (RCC) algorithm .4.2. The Iso–state method .4.3. The complement method .5. Outside–in construction methods .5.1. Overview .5.2. The method of bounding hyperplanes .5.3. The Shrink–Wrap algorithm .6. Superstructure methods .6.1. Linear programming formulations .6.2. Infinite DimEnsionAl State–space (IDEAS) approach .7. Chapter review .Chapter 9: Attainable Regions for variable density systems .1. Introduction .2. Common conversions to mass fraction space .2.1. Preliminary notation2.1.1. Overview .2.2. Conversions involving molar quantities .2.3. Average density .2.4. Mixing and reaction .2.5. Residence time in mass fraction space .2.6. Fundamental reactor types .2.7. Computing the stoichiometric subspace .3. Examples .3.1. Three–dimensional Van de Vusse kinetics .3.2. Steam reforming and water gas–shift reaction .4. Chapter review .Chapter 10: Final remarks, further reading and future directions .1. Introduction .2. Chapter summaries and final remarks .3. Further reading .3.1. AR related papers .3.2. Non–reactor related papers .4. Future directions .4.1. The search for a sufficiency condition .4.2. Applying AR theory to real systems .4.3. Automated AR construction .Appendix A .Appendix B .Appendix C .Index

• ISBN: 978-1-119-15788-5
• Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 352
• Fecha Publicación: 03/11/2016
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés