Amazonia, landscape and species evolution: a look into the past

This book focuses on geological history as the critical factor in determiningthe present biodiversity and landscapes of Amazonia. We explore the differentdriving mechanisms for landscape evolution by reviewing the history of the Amazonian Craton, the associated sedimentary basins, and the role of mountain uplift and climate change. Throughout the book we provide an insight into the Meso- and Cenozoic record of Amazonia that was characterized by fluvial and long-lived lake systems and a highly diverse flora and fauna. This fauna includes giants such as the ca. 12 m long caiman Purussaurus, but also a varied fish fauna and fragile molluscs, whilst fossil pollen and spores form relics of ancestral swamps and rainforests. Finally, we review the molecular datasets of the modern Amazonian rainforest and aquatic biota, and discuss the possible relations between the origin of Amazonian species diversity and the palaeogeographic, palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental evolution of northern South America. The multidisciplinary approach in evaluating the history of Amazonia has resulted in a comprehensive volume that provides novel insights into the evolution of this region. The book is written by leading scientists of the Amazonian research community and can serve as reference to all scientists working in Amazonia. However,it should be of particular interest to students and researchers concerned with the natural history of Amazonia. Potential readers will include geologists, geographers and biologists who wish to understand the evolution of landscapes and biota of this unique region. Carina Hoorn is a paleoecologist who studied geology and holds a PhD from the University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands) and an MSc in Science Communication (Imperial College, London). Currently she is liaised to the University of Amsterdam and her main research interests are Amazonia, the Himalayas, Tibet, and the coastal lagoons of Oman. . Frank Wesselingh is a molluscan palaeontologist who studied geology at the Vrije Universiteit (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and holds a PhD from the University of Turku (Finland). Frank works at Naturalis, the Natural History Museum in Leiden (The Netherlands), and his researchinterests are fossil molluscan faunas of long-lived lakes, the North Sea Basin and the Indo-West Pacific. INDICE: Dedication to Thomas van der Hammen List of contributors Prologue (Thomas van der Hammen). 1. Introduction: Amazonia, landscape and species evolution (Carina Hoorn and Frank P. Wesselingh). Part I Tectonic processes as driving mechanisms for palaeogeographical and palaeoenvironmental evolution in Amazonia. 2. Geological evolution of the Amazonian Craton (Salomon B. Kroonenberg and Emond W.F. de Roever). 3. The Paleozoic Solimoes and Amazonas basins andthe Acre foreland basin of Brazil (Joaquim Ribeiro Wanderley-Filho, Jaime Fernandes Eiras, Paulo Roberto da Cruz Cunha and Paulus H. van der Ven). 4. Tectonic history of the Andes and sub-Andean zones: implications for the development of the Amazon drainage basin (Andres Mora, Patrice Baby, Martin Roddaz, Mauricio Parra, Stephane Brusset, Wilber Hermoza and Nicolas Espurt). 5. Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of the Amazonian foreland basin system (Martin Roddaz, Wilber Hermoza, Andres Mora, Patrice Baby, Mauricio Parra, Frederic Christophoul, Stephane Brusset and Nicolas Espurt). 6. The Nazca Ridge and uplift of the Fitzcarrald Arch: implications for regional geology in northern South America (Nicolas Espurt, Patrice Baby, Stephane Brusset, Martin Roddaz, Wilber Hermozaand Jocelyn Barbarand). Part II Cenozoic depositional systems in Amazonia. 7.The Amazonian Craton and its influence on past fluvial systems (Mesozoic-Cenozoic, Amazonia) (Carina Hoorn, Martin Roddaz, Rodolfo Dino, Emilio Soares, Cornelius Uba, Diana Ochoa-Lozano and Russell Mapes). 8. The development of the Amazonian mega-wetland (Miocene; Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia) (Carina Hoorn, Frank P. Wesselingh, Jussi Hovikoski and Javier Guerrero). 9. Marine influence in Amazonia: evidence from the geological record (Jussi Hovikoski, Frank P.Wesselingh, Matti Rasanen, Murray Gingras and Hubert B. Vonhof). 10. Megafan environments in northern South America and their impact on Amazon Neogene aquatic ecosystems (M. Justin Wilkinson, Larry G. Marshall, John G. Lundberg and Mikhail H. Kreslavsky). 11. Long-term landscape development processes in Amazonia (Georg Irion and Risto Kalliola). Part III Amazonian climate, past and present. 12. Climate variation in Amazonia during the Neogene and the Quaternary (Hubert B. Vonhof and Ron J.G. Kaandorp). 13. Modelling the response of Amazonian climate to the uplift of the Andean mountain range (Pierre Sepulchre, Lisa C. Sloan and Frederic Fluteau). 14. Modern Andean rainfall variation during ENSO cycles and its impact on the Amazon drainage basin (Bodo Bookhagen and Manfred R. Strecker). Part IV Cenozoic development of terrestrial and aquatic biota: insights from the fossil record. 15. A review of Tertiary mammal faunas andbirds from western Amazonia (Francisco Ricardo Negri, Jean Bocquentin-Villanueva, Jorge Ferigolo and Pierre-Olivier Antoine). 16. Neogene crocodile and turtle fauna in northern South America (Douglas Riff, Pedro Seyferth R. Romano, Gustavo Ribeiro Oliveira and Orangel A. Aguilera). 17. The Amazonian Neogene fish fauna (John G. Lundberg, Mark H. Sabaj Perez, Wasila M. Dahdul and Orangel A. Aguilera). 18. Amazonian aquatic invertebrate faunas (Mollusca, Ostracoda) and their development over the past 30 million years (Frank P. Wesselingh and Maria-Ines F. Ramos). 19. The origin of the modern Amazon rainforest: implications of the palynological and palaeobotanical record (Carlos Jaramillo, CarinaHoorn, Silane A.F. Silva, Fatima Leite, Fabiany Herrera, Luis Quiroz, RodolfoDino and Luzia Antonioli). 20. Biotic development of Quaternary Amazonia: a palynological perspective (Hermann Behling, Mark Bush and Henry Hooghiemstra). Part V Modern perspectives on the origin of Amazonian biota. 21. Contribution of current and historical processes to patterns of tree diversity and composition of the Amazon (Hanster Steege, ATDN (Amazon Tree Diversity Network: collective author) and RAINFOR (The Amazon Forest Inventory Network: collective author). 22. Composition and diversity of northwestern Amazonian rainforests in a geoecological context (Joost F. Duivenvoorden and Alvaro J. Duque). 23. Diversifi cation of the Amazonian flora and its relation to key geological and environmental events: a molecular perspective (R. Toby Pennington and Christopher W. Dick). 24. Molecular studies and phylogeography of Amazonian tetrapods and their relation to geological and climatic models (Alexandre Antonelli, Adrian Quijada-Mascarenas, Andrew J. Crawford, John M. Bates, Paul M. Velazco and Wolfgang Wuster). 25. Molecular signatures of Neogene biogeographical events in the Amazon fish fauna (Nathan R. Lovejoy, Stuart C. Willis and James S. Albert Part VI Synthesis. 26. On the origin of Amazonian landscapes and biodiversity: a synthesis (Frank P. Wesselingh, Carina Hoorn, Salomon B. Kroonenberg, Alexandre Antonelli, John G. Lundberg, Hubert B. Vonhof and Henry Hooghiemstra). Index.

• ISBN: 978-1-4051-8113-6
• Editorial: Wiley-Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 416
• Fecha Publicación: 05/01/2010
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés