Papermaking is a fascinating art and technology. The second edition of this successful handbook provides a comprehensive view on the technical, economic, ecologic and social background of paper and board. It has been updated, revised and largely extended in depth and width including the further use of paper and board in converting and printing. A wide knowledge basis is a prerequisite in evaluating and optimizing the whole process chain to ensure efficient paper and board production. The same is true in their application and end use. The 2 Volume Set covers a wide range of topics: Raw materials required for paper and board manufacturing such as fibers, chemical additives and fillers Processes and machinery applied to prepare the stock and to produce the various paper and board grades including automation and trouble shooting Paper converting and printing processes, book preservation The different paper and board grades as well as testing and analysing fiber suspensions, paper and board products, and converted or printed matters Environmental and energy factors as well as safety aspects The handbook provides professionals in the field, e. g. papermakers as well as converters and printers, laymen, students, politicians and other interested people with the most up–to–date and comprehensive information on the state–of– the–art techniques and aspects involved in paper making, converting and printing. From the reviews of the previous edition: …excellent and easily accessible to the non–engineer and... the general reader. –CHOICE …a one–of–a–kind text on paper production–a selection observed for its crisp and sharp efficiency. –Electric Review INDICE: Volume 1 Preface XXXVII List of Contributors to the Second Edition XXXIX 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Paper and Board Today 1 Herbert Holik 1.2 Paper and Board Manufacturing – an Overview 3 1.3 Economic Aspects 9 Thomas Moldenhauer and Gert–Heinz Rentrop 1.4 Historical Background and General Aspects 13 Peter F. Tschudin 1.5 A Philosophy of Papermaking: Life Lessons on the Formation of Paper and People 26 Wilhelm Kufferath von Kendenich References 30 Further Reading for Section 1.3 31 Further Reading for Section 1.5 31 2 Fibrous Materials for Paper and Board Manufacture 33 2.1 Overview 33 Jürgen Blechschmidt and Sabine Heinemann 2.2 Chemical Pulp 34 Sabine Heinemann and Jürgen Blechschmidt 2.3 Mechanical Pulp 47 2.4 Recovered Paper, Recycled Fibers 59 Hans–Joachim Putz 2.5 Wood Pulp Fiber Suspensions 85 Geoffrey G. Duffy References 104 3 Mineral Fillers in Papermaking 109 Maximilian Laufmann 3.1 History of the Use of Mineral Fillers in Papermaking 109 3.2 Global Mineral Consumption in the Paper and Board Industry 110 3.3 Why Use Mineral Fillers in Paper and Board? 111 3.4 Filler Loading Increase via Surface Application 115 3.5 Choice of Fillers 116 3.6 Characterization of Fillers 117 3.7 Main Mineral Fillers 124 3.8 Specialty Filler Pigments 136 3.9 Preservation of Pigment Slurries 140 Silvia Hubschmid 3.10 Outlook 141 Maximilian Laufmann Acknowledgment 142 References 142 4 Functional Chemicals 145 4.1 Overview 145 Roland Pelzer 4.2 Starches in Papermaking 146 Johan Schrijver 4.3 Colorants 160 Klaus–Peter Kreutzer 4.4 Optical Brightening Agents (OBA), Fluorescent Whitening Agents (FWAs) 178 Bernhard Hunke and Günter Klug 4.5 Sizing Agents 192 Jochen Hoffmann 4.6 Wet–Strength Resins (WSR) and Dry Strength Resins (DSR) 207 Gunnar Kramer and Dominik Stumm 4.7 Properties of Specialty Papers and Related Chemical Additives 226 Roland Pelzer References 233 Further Reading for Section 4.2 233 Further Reading for Section 4.5 234 Further Reading for Section 4.6 234 5 Coating Colors – Components, Make Down, and Properties 235 Reinhard Sangl, Werner J. Auhorn ∗ , Thoralf Gliese ∗ , and Werner Kogler 5.1 Overview 235 5.2 Coating Color Components 238 5.3 Properties of Coating Colors 272 5.4 Coating Color Preparation 278 Further Reading 290 6 Process Chemicals 291 6.1 Overview 291 Roland Pelzer 6.2 Aluminum Compounds 291 Hubert Dörrer 6.3 Retention Aids and Drainage Accelerators 295 Jan–Luiken Hemmes 6.4 Fixatives and Charge Control 300 Antonius Moormann–Schmitz 6.5 Deposit Control and Biocides 309 Ute Höötmann 6.6 Defoamers and Deaerators 316 Christoph Blickenstorfer 6.7 Chelating Agents 322 Gunnar Kramer 6.8 Additives for Repulping 325 6.9 Deinking Additives 327 6.10 Cleaning Agents and Fabric Conditioning 330 Kathrin Otto and Christoph Blickenstorfer 6.11 Internal Water and Effluent Treatment 336 Arne Hörsken, Andreas Opalka, and Stefan Nierhoff 6.12 Interactions of Chemical Additives 344 Roland Pelzer References 348 Further Reading for Section 6.5 349 7 Unit Operations 351 7.1 Overview 351 Herbert Holik and Harald Heß 7.2 Fiber Materials Feeding 359 Harald Heß and Herbert Holik 7.3 Disintegration 362 Harald Heß, Herbert Holik, and Wolfgang Müller 7.4 Screening 377 Harald Heß and Herbert Holik 7.5 Centrifugal Cleaning 397 7.6 Selective Flotation 411 7.7 Nonselective Flotation (Dissolved Air Flotation DAF) 426 7.8 Fractionation 430 7.9 Dewatering 434 7.10 Washing 442 7.11 Mixing and Storing 446 7.12 Bleaching of Secondary Fibers 451 7.13 Refining 454 Herbert Holik and Oliver Lüdtke 7.14 Dispersion 462 Harald Heß and Herbert Holik References 470 Further Reading for Section 7.6 472 Further Reading for Section 7.13 472 8 Systems for Fiber Stock Preparation 473 Oliver Lüdtke and Andrea Stetter 8.1 Objectives 473 8.2 Historical Review of Stock Preparation Systems 473 8.3 Systems for Primary Fiber Preparation 476 8.4 Systems for Secondary Fiber Preparation 478 8.5 Systems for Broke Treatment 487 8.6 Peripheral Systems in Secondary Fiber Preparation 488 8.7 Process Engineering and Automation 488 References 489 Further Reading 489 9 The Integrated Recycled Paper Mill (IRPM) 491 9.1 Environmental Aspects and Profitability 491 Lucas Menke 9.2 Subsystems and Peripheral Systems of the Integrated Recycled Paper Mill 493 9.3 Subsystems for Water, Reject, and Sludge (WSR) 499 9.4 Water Circuits 501 Lucas Menke and Andrea Stetter 9.5 Reject Systems 510 Lucas Menke 9.6 Sludge Dewatering Systems 528 9.7 Wastewater 532 Lucas Menke and Udo Hamm 9.8 Reject and Residual Disposal, Waste to Energy, Replacement Fuels for Incineration 539 References 549 10 Paper and Board Machines and Their Components 551 10.1 Overview 551 Herbert Holik and Johann Moser 10.2 Rolls in Paper and Board Machines 560 10.3 Roll Covers and Coatings 575 Yang Shieh, Johan Einarsson, Franz Grohmann, and Norbert Gamsjäger Volume 2 List of Contributors to the Second Edition XXXVII 11 Fabrics for Paper and Board Production 591 Matthias W. Schmitt 11.1 Forming Fabrics 592 Matthias Höhsl and Arved Westerkamp 11.2 Press Felts 598 Matthias W. Schmitt 11.3 Dryer Fabrics 603 Juergen Abraham and Antony Morton ∗ 11.4 Fabrics in Operation 606 Matthias W. Schmitt 11.5 Changing of Fabrics 615 Herbert Holik and Johann Moser References 617 Further Reading for Section 11.4 617 12 Approach Flow System 619 Christian Bangert, Herbert Holik, and Andrea Stetter ∗ 12.1 Definition and Tasks of the Approach Flow System 619 12.2 Metering and Mixing of the Stock Components and Feed to the Headbox 620 12.3 Final Cleaning and Screening 622 12.4 Air in the Papermaking Process and Its Removal 623 12.5 Further Aspects 628 12.6 Approach Flow Design 630 References 634 13 Headbox 635 Herbert Holik, Johann Moser, and Thomas Ruehl 13.1 Overview and Principle Aspects 635 13.2 Historical Review 639 13.3 State–of–the–Art Headboxes 642 13.4 Influence of Operational and Design Parameters on Technological Results 651 References 657 14 Wire Section 659 Herbert Holik, Johann Moser, and Thomas Ruehl 14.1 Overview and Theoretical Aspects 659 14.2 Historical Review 663 14.3 State–of–the–Art Web Forming Designs 666 14.4 Machine Elements 670 14.5 Wires 672 14.6 Operational and Technological Aspects 672 References 678 15 Press Section 679 Herbert Holik, Daniel Gronych, and Joachim Henssler 15.1 Introduction 679 15.2 Theoretical Aspects of Press Dewatering 681 15.3 State–of–the–Art Press Sections 689 15.4 Historical Review 694 15.5 Further Approaches in Pressing 695 15.6 Operational and Technological Aspects 698 15.7 Impact of Wet Pressing on Paper Surface Properties 705 Acknowledgments 710 References 710 16 Dryer Section 713 Herbert Holik and Roland Mayer 16.1 Overview 713 16.2 Drying Principles and Basics 713 16.3 Basics Related to Paper Drying 725 16.4 Dryer Sections 730 References 744 17 Surface Sizing and Coating 745 Reinhard Sangl, Werner Auhorn, Werner Kogler, and Martin Tietz 17.1 Surface Sizing 745 17.2 Coating 747 17.3 Coated Paper and Board Grades 783 References 784 Further Reading 784 18 Calendering 785 Rüdiger Feldmann 18.1 Objective and General Description of the Calendering Process 785 18.2 History of Calendering 786 18.3 The Different Calender Types 789 18.4 The Main Calendering Methods for Various Paper and Board Grades 795 References 800 Further Reading 800 19 Reeling 801 Matthias Wohlfahrt 19.1 Objectives and Basics 801 19.2 History 802 19.3 New Generation Reels 804 19.4 Reel Drum Design 806 19.5 Turnup Systems 808 References 811 20 Paper, Packaging, and Carton Board Machines 813 Herbert Holik 20.1 Graphic Paper Machines 813 Johann Moser and Herbert Holik 20.2 Packaging Paper Machines 820 Herbert Holik and Stevan Lomic 20.3 Carton Board Machines 823 20.4 Tissue Machines 827 Herbert Holik, Rogério Berardi, and Thomas Scherb 20.5 Specialty Paper Machines 833 Peter Mirsberger 21 Finishing 841 Rüdiger Feldmann 21.1 Reel Slitting 841 21.2 Roll Handling 849 22 Control Systems for Paper Machines 859 Rudolf Münch 22.1 Objective and General Terms of PM Control Systems 859 22.2 Quality Control System (QCS) 864 22.3 Information Systems 875 23 Uniformity of Paper Web Properties 879 Herbert Holik and Johann Moser 23.1 Overview 879 23.2 MD Profiles 881 23.3 CD Profiles 887 23.4 Some Aspects of MD and CD Basis Weight Profile Tests in the Laboratory 900 23.5 Symmetry in z –Direction 903 23.6 Formation 907 References 909 24 Paper and Board Converting and Printing 911 24.1 Converting Processes for Paper and Board 911 Renke Wilken 24.2 Testing of Converting Products 937 Irene Pollex 24.3 Printing Technologies 953 Simon Stahl and Edgar Dörsam 24.4 Requirements on Paper 966 Rainer Klein and Martina Miletíc References 979 Further Reading for Section 24.2 981 Further Reading for Section 24.3 981 25 Health and Safety 983 25.1 Occupational Health and Safety 983 Winfried Harren 25.2 Noise Abatement and Protection 995 Herbert Holik References 1002 26 Plant Engineering and Energy 1003 26.1 Plant Engineering 1003 Thomas Mack 26.2 Energy 1013 Hermann–Josef Post 27 Environmentally Friendly Paper and Board Production 1021 Günter Müller and Ingrid Demel 27.1 Background 1021 27.2 Environmental Relevance along the Value Chain of Paper and Board Production 1021 27.3 Sustainability 1023 27.4 Resource Utilization in Paper and Board Production 1023 27.4.1 Virgin Pulps 1024 27.5 Evaluation and Communication of Environmental Impacts 1026 27.6 Practical Implementation of Environmental Issues 1031 References 1032 28 Paper and Board Grades and Their Properties 1035 Heinz–Joachim Schaffrath and Otmar Tillmann ∗ 28.1 The Material Paper: A Survey 1035 28.2 Types of Paper, Board, and Cardboard 1040 References 1058 Further Reading 1058 29 Testing of Fibers, Suspensions, and Paper and Board Grades 1059 Heinz–Joachim Schaffrath and Otmar Tillmann 29.1 General Aspects 1059 29.2 Testing of Fibrous Material 1061 29.3 Testing of Fiber Suspensions 1064 29.4 Testing of Paper and Board 1070 References 1086 Further Reading 1086 30 Book and Paper Preservation 1087 Manfred Anders 30.1 Introduction 1087 30.2 Mechanisms of Paper Deterioration 1088 30.3.1 Overview 1092 30.4 Current Commercial Processes 1098 30.5 Strengthening Old and Brittle Paper 1103 30.5.1 Overview 1103 30.6 Commercial Prospects 1105 References 1106 31 Paper Associations 1109 Herbert Holik Index 1113
- ISBN: 978-3-527-33184-0
- Editorial: Wiley VCH
- Encuadernacion: Cartoné
- Páginas: 992
- Fecha Publicación: 23/04/2013
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés