Power System Transient Analysis: Theory and Practice using Simulation Programs (ATP–EMTP)

Understanding transient phenomena in electric power systems and the harmful impact of resulting disturbances is an important aspect of power system operation and resilience. Bridging the gap from theory to practice, this guide introduces the fundamentals of transient phenomena affecting electric power systems using the numerical analysis tools, Alternative Transients Program– Electromagnetic Transients Program (ATP–EMTP) and ATP–DRAW. This technology is widely–applied to recognize and solve transient problems in power networks and components giving readers a highly practical and relevant perspective and the skills to analyse new transient phenomena encountered in the field. Key features: Introduces novice engineers to transient phenomena using commonplace tools and models as well as background theory to link theory to practice. Develops analysis skills using the ATP–EMTP program, which is widely used in the electric power industry. Comprehensive coverage of recent developments such as HVDC power electronics with several case studies and their practical results. Provides extensive practical examples with over 150 data files for analysing transient phenomena and real life practical examples via a companion website. Written by experts with deep experience in research, teaching and industry, this text defines transient phenomena in an electric power system and introduces a professional transient analysis tool with real examples to novice engineers in the electric power system industry. It also offers instruction for graduates studying all aspects of power systems. INDICE: Preface ix .Part I Standard Course–Fundamentals and Typical Phenomena 1 .1 Fundamentals of EMTP 3 .1.1 Function and Composition of EMTP 3 .1.1.1 Lumped Parameter RLC 3 .1.1.2 Transmission Line 4 .1.1.3 Transformer 6 .1.1.4 Nonlinear Element 6 .1.1.5 Arrester 6 .1.1.6 Switch 7 .1.1.7 Voltage and Current Sources 7 .1.1.8 Generator and Rotating Machine 7 .1.1.9 Control 7 .1.1.10 Support Routines 7 .1.2 Features of the Calculation Method 8 .1.2.1 Formulation of the Main Circuit 8 .1.2.2 Calculation in TACS 12 .1.2.3 Features of EMTP 13 .References 16 .2 Modeling of System Components 17 .2.1 Overhead Transmission Lines and Underground Cables 17 .2.1.1 Overhead Transmission Line Line Constants 17 .2.1.2 Underground Cables Cable Parameters 37 .2.2 Transformer 46 .2.2.1 Single Phase Two–Winding Transformer 46 .2.2.2 Single Phase Three Winding Transformer 50 .2.2.3 Three Phase One Core Transformer Three Legs or Five Legs 53 .2.2.4 Frequency and Transformer Modeling 55 .3 Transient Currents in Power Systems 57 .3.1 Short Circuit Currents 57 .3.2 Transformer Inrush Magnetizing Current 60 .3.3 Transient Inrush Currents in Capacitive Circuits 62 .Appendix 3.A: Example of ATPDraw Sheets Data3 02.acp 64 .Reference 64 .4 Transient at Current Breaking 65 .4.1 Short Circuit Current Breakings 66 .4.2 Capacitive Current Switching 71 .4.2.1 Switching of Capacitive Current of a No Load Overhead Transmission Line 72 .4.2.2 Switching of Capacitive Current of a Cable 75 .4.2.3 Switching of Capacitive Current of a Shunt Capacitor Bank 76 .4.3 Inductive Current Switching 78 .4.3.1 Current Chopping Phenomenon 78 .4.3.2 Reignition 79 .4.3.3 High Frequency Extinction and Multiple Reignition 80 .4.4 TRV with Parallel Capacitance in SLF Breaking 80 .Appendix 4.A: Current Injection to Various Circuit Elements 84 .Appendix 4.B: TRV Calculation, Including ITRV Current Injection is Applied for TRV Calculation 91 .Appendix 4.C: 550 kV Line Normal Breaking 97 .Appendix 4.D: 300 kV, 150 MVA Shunt Reactor Current Breaking Current .Chopping Reignition HF Current Interruption 100 .References 103 .5 Black Box Arc Modeling 105 .5.1 Mayr Arc Model 106 .5.1.1 Analysis of Phenomenon of Short Line Fault Breaking 106 .5.1.2 Analysis of Phenomenon of Shunt Reactor Switching 110 .5.2 Cassie Arc Model 112 .5.2.1 Analysis of Phenomenon of Current Zero Skipping 113 .Appendix 5.A: Mayr Arc Model Calculating SLF Breaking, 300 kV, 50 kA, L90 Condition 118 .Appendix 5.B: Zero Skipping Current Breaking Near Generator Fault Current Lasting 124 .Appendix 5.C: Zero Skipping Current Breaking Near Generator Dynamic Arc Introduced, Still Nonbreaking 131 .6 Typical Power Electronics Circuits in Power Systems 135 .6.1 General 135 .6.2 HVDC Converter/Inverter Circuits 135 .6.3 Static Var Compensator/Thyristor Controlled Inductor 140 .6.4 PWM Self Communicated Type Inverter Applying the Triangular Carrier Wave Shape Principle Applied to SVG (Static Var Generator) 142 .Appendix 6.A: Example of ATPDraw Picture 147 .Reference 148 .Part II Advanced Course–Special Phenomena and Various Applications 149 .7 Special Switching 151 .7.1 Transformer Limited Short Circuit Current Breaking 151 .7.2 Transformer Winding Response to Very Fast Transient Voltage 152 .7.3 Transformer Magnetizing Current under Geomagnetic Storm Conditions 156 .7.4 Four Armed Shunt Reactor for Suppressing Secondary Arc in Single Pole Rapid Reclosing 159 .7.5 Switching Four Armed Shunt Reactor Compensated Transmission Line 162 .References 163 .8 Synchronous Machine Dynamics 165 .8.1 Synchronous Machine Modeling and Machine Parameters 165 .8.2 Some Basic Examples 167 .8.2.1 No Load Transmission Line Charging 167 .8.2.2 Power Flow Calculation 169 .8.2.3 Sudden Short Circuiting 172 .8.3 Transient Stability Analysis Applying the Synchronous Machine Model 176 .8.3.1 Classic Analysis (Equal Area Method) and Time Domain Analysis (EMTP) 176 .8.3.2 Detailed Transients by Time Domain Analysis: ATP EMTP 180 .8.3.3 Field Excitation Control 183 .8.3.4 Back Swing Phenomenon 186 .Appendix 8.A: Short Circuit Phenomena Observation in d q Domain Coordinate 190 .Appendix 8.B: Starting as an Induction Motor 193 .Appendix 8.C: Modeling by the No. 19 Universal Machine 195 .Appendix 8.D: Example of ATPDraw Picture File: Draw8 111.acp (Figure D8.1). 197 .References 198 .9 Induction Machine, Doubly Fed Machine, Permanent Magnet Machine 199 .9.1 Induction Machine (Cage Rotor Type) 199 .9.1.1 Machine Data for EMTP Calculation 200 .9.1.2 Zero Starting 201 .9.1.3 Mechanical Torque Load Application 204 .9.1.4 Multimachines 206 .9.1.5 Motor Terminal Voltage Change 208 .9.1.6 Driving by Variable Voltage and Frequency Source (VVVF) 209 .9.2 Doubly Fed Machine 212 .9.2.1 Operation Principle 212 .9.2.2 Steady State Calculation 213 .9.2.3 Flywheel Generator Operation 213 .9.3 Permanent Magnet Machine 215 .9.3.1 Zero Starting (Starting by Direct AC Voltage Source Connection) 217 .9.3.2 Calculation of Transient Phenomena 217 .Appendix 9.A: Doubly Fed Machine Vector Diagrams 218 .Appendix 9.B: Example of ATPDraw Picture 219 .10 Machine Drive Applications 221 .10.1 Small Scale System Composed of a Synchronous Generator and Induction Motor 221 .10.1.1 Initialization 221 .10.1.2 Induction Motor Starting 223 .10.1.3 Application of AVR 225 .10.1.4 Inverter Controlled VVVF Starting 226 .10.2 Cycloconverter 233 .10.3 Cycloconverter Driven Synchronous Machine 237 .10.3.1 Application of Sudden Mechanical Load 237 .10.3.2 Quick Starting of a Cycloconverter Driven Synchronous Motor 242 .10.3.3 Comparison with the Inverter Driven System 245 .10.4 Flywheel Generator: Doubly Fed Machine Application for Transient Stability Enhancement 248 .10.4.1 Initialization 249 .10.4.2 Flywheel Activity in Transient Stability Enhancement 254 .10.4.3 Active/Reactive Power Effect 254 .10.4.4 Discussion 258 .Appendix 10.A: Example of ATPDraw Picture 260 .Reference 266 .Index 267

• ISBN: 978-1-118-73753-8
• Editorial: Wiley–Blackwell
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 400
• Fecha Publicación: 15/04/2016
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés