Small Animal Radiographic Techniques and Positioning is a practical, clinically applicable manual designed to aid veterinary technicians and nurses in correcting common artifacts in both film and digital radiography and in positioning the small animal patient for clear and consistent radiographs. Detailed positioning techniques are provided for each commonly radiographed body segment, including positioning aids, alternative restraint methods, and examples of thecorresponding correct or incorrect radiographs. Species covered include dogs, cats, birds, and common exotics.The book begins with an overview of radiographic technique, darkroom maintenance, digital and film-screen imaging, then offers a section on small animal positioning, including some exotic species positioning techniques, with the final section presenting information on contrast media and special contrast enhanced procedures. A companion website provides the images from the book in PowerPoint and study questions and answers. Highly illustrated, Small Animal Radiographic Techniques and Positioning is a complete resource for any veterinary technician or student to quickly find imaging information and improve the clarity of small animal radiographs. INDICE: Foreword xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgments xvSection 1. Theory and Equipment 31. Introduction to Digital Imaging 5Definition and Principles of Digital Imaging 5Digital Radiography 6Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine 6Picture Archiving and Communication System 6Workstation Monitors 7Computed Radiography 10Direct and Indirect Conversion Radiography 11Digital Image Processing 122. Principles of Film-Screen Radiography 17X-ray Film Construction 17Intensifying Screens 18Common Principles of Film-Screen and Digital Radiography 203. The Radiographic System 21Basic Component Overview 21X-ray Tube 21Fluoroscopy 24Secondary or Scatter Radiation 25Grids 27Milliamperage and Kilovoltage 28Technique Chart 28Overexposure vs. Underexposure 32Patient Log 334. Darkroom Maintenance and Film Processing 37Darkroom Setup 37Manual Film Processing 38Automatic Film Processing 39Automatic Film Processor Maintenance 41Silver RecoveryCartridges 42Safelights 42Film Storage and Handling 43Patient Identifi cationLabeling 44Care and Maintenance of Film Cassettes 455. Film-Screen and Digital Imaging Artifacts 49Exposure Artifacts 49Darkroom Processing Artifacts 52Film Storage Artifacts 54Digital Imaging Artifacts 546. Positioning Aids and Alternative Restraint 57Safe Use of Restraint Devices 57Sedated Patient Restraint 597. Radiation Safety 61Health Physics 61Radiologic Units 61ALARA Concept 65Section 2. Radiographic Positioning 698. General Principles and Terminology 71Positioning Terminology 72Room Setup 74Patient Preparation 74Horizontal Beam Views 769. Small Animal PositioningForelimb 79Scapula 79Shoulder 82Bicipital Groove 85Humerus 87Elbow 90Radius and Ulna 94Carpus 95Metacarpus, Digits 10010. Small Animal PositioningPelvis and Hind Limb 103Pelvis 103OFA Imaging 109PennHIPInformation 111Femur 114Stifle 117Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) 123Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA) 127Tibia and Fibula 129Tarsus 133Metatarsus and Digits 13811. Small Animal PositioningSpine 143Cervical Spine 144Thoracic Spine and Thoraco-Lumbar Spine 149Lumbar Spine 152LS Spine 155Sacrum 159Caudal Spine 16012. Small Animal PositioningThorax, Soft Tissue Neck, and Abdomen163Thorax 163Soft Tissue Neck 166Abdomen 16713. Small Animal PositioningSkull171Cranium 171Nasal 174Maxilla 179Mandible 183Temporomandibular Joints 187Tympanic Bullae 19114. Exotic Pet Imaging 197Avian 197Small Mammals 200Reptile 202Section 3. Contrast Media and Special Procedures 20715. Radiopaque Contrast Media 209Types of Radiopaque Contrast Media 209Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Agents 209Barium Sulfate 21316. Special Imaging Procedures 215Special ProcedureEsophagram (Static) 215EsophagramFluoroscopic/Dynamic 216Special ProcedureUpper GI 217Special ProcedureGastrogram 219Special ProcedureLower GIBarium Enema 221Special ProcedureExcretory Urogram 222Special ProcedureCystography 225Special ProcedureUrethrography 230Special ProcedureVaginography 231Special ProcedureMyelography 233Special ProcedureMyelographyAvian 236Special ProcedureMyelographyRabbit 237Special ProcedureFistulography 238Special ProcedureArthrography 239References 241Webliography 242Index 243Companion websiteThis book is accompaniedby a companion website: www.wiley.com/go/ayers
- ISBN: 978-0-8138-1152-9
- Editorial: Iowa State University
- Encuadernacion: Rústica
- Páginas: 268
- Fecha Publicación: 18/04/2012
- Nº Volúmenes: 1
- Idioma: Inglés