Geology of carbonate reservoirs: the identification, description and characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs in carbonate rocks

Scientists must understand carbonate reservoir geology in order to maximize oil recovery from natural reserves. This timely book provides a comprehensive explanation of carbonate reservoirs, beginning with discussions about the formation of carbonates. It covers carbonate rock classifications, the hierarchicalorder of rock properties and reservoir characteristics, and basic sedimentological and stratigraphic principles. The author also presents a new, genetic classification of carbonate porosity that is useful in predicting spatial distribution of pore networks. This book is ideal for petroleum, groundwater, environmental, and geological engineers, students, and others. INDICE: Preface. About This Book. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. Definition of carbonate reservoirs. Carbonates; reservoirs. Finding and developing carbonate reservoirs. Sources of data on reservoirs. Unique attributes of carbonates. Suggestions for further reading. Review questions. 2. Rock properties of carbonate reservoirs. Definitions. Fundamental Rock Properties. Texture, fabric, composition, and sedimentary structures. Classification of Carbonate rocks. Classification of detrital carbonates. Classification of reef rocks. Wrights genetic classification. Dependent or Derived Rock Properties. Porosity. Porosity classifications; Archie, Choquette and Pray, Lucia, and Ahr (a new genetic classification). Permeability. Tertiary Rock Properties . Borehole logs and carbonate reservoirs. Tertiary rock properties and the seismograph. Suggestions for Further Reading. Review Questions. 3. Petrophysical Properties of Carbonate Reservoirs. Saturation, Wettability, Capillarity. Saturation. Wettability.Capillarity. Capillary Pressure and Reservoir Performance. Capillary pressure, pores, and pore-throats. Converting mercury-air capillary pressure data to oil-water equivalents. Height of oil column above free-water level. Evaluating seal capacity. Fluid Withdrawal Efficiency. Suggestions for Further Reading. Review Questions. 4. Stratigraphic Principles. Carbonate Depositional Platforms. Rimmed and open shelves. Homoclinal and distally-steepened ramps. Rock, Time, and Time-Rock Units. Rock units. Time units. Time-rock units. Correlation. Anatomy of Depositional Units. Facies, successions, and sequences. Environmental subdivisions and standard depositional successions. Sequence Stratigraphy. Definitions and scales of observation. Sequence stratigraphy in carbonate reservoirs. Sequence stratigraphy in exploration and development. Suggestions for Further Reading. Review Questions. 5. Depositional Carbonate Reservoirs. Depositional Porosity. Depositional Environments and Processes. The beach-dune environment. Depositional rock properties in beach-dune successions. Tidal flat andlagoon environments. Depositional rock properties in tidal flat-lagoon successions. The shallow subtidal (neritic) environment. Depositional rock properties in shallow subtidal successions. Chalks. The slope-break environment. Depositional rock properties in slope-break successions. The slope environment. Depositional rock properties in slope successions. Basinal environments. Depositional rock properties in basinal environments. Ideal depositional successions illustrated. Paleotopography and Depositional Facies. Diagnosis and Mapping of Depositional Reservoirs. Suggestions for Further Reading. Review Questions. 6. Diagenetic Carbonate Reservoirs. Diagenesis and Diagenetic Processes. Definition of diagenesis. Diagenetic processes. Diagenetic Porosity. Diagenetic Environments and Facies. Diagenetic facies. Diagenetically-Enhanced Porosity. Enhancement by recrystallization. Enhancement by dissolution enlargment. Large-scaledissolution-related porosity. Porosity enhancement by replacement. Recognizing enhanced porosity in reservoirs. Porosity Reduction by Diagenesis. Pore reduction by compaction. Pore reduction by recrystallization. Pore reduction by replacement. Pore reduction by cementation. Recognizing diagenetically-reduced porosity. Diagnosing and Mapping Diagenetic Reservoirs. Suggestions for FurtherReading. Review Questions. 7. Fractured Reservoirs. Fractures and Fractured Reservoirs. Definition of fractures. Types of fractures. Genetic classificationof fractures . Fracture morphology. Where do fractures occur? Fracture Permeability, Porosity, and Sw. Fracture permeability. Fracture porosity. Sw in fractured reservoirs. Classification of Fractured Reservoirs. Detecting Fractured Reservoirs. Direct observation of fractures in the borehole. Indirect methods to detect fractures in the borehole. Predicting Reservoir Fracture Spacing andIntensity. Factors that influence spacing and intensity. Identifying and Developing Fractured Reservoirs. Suggestions for Further Reading. Review Questions. 8. Summary - Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs. Rock Properties and DiagnosticMethods. Fundamental rock properties and depositional reservoirs. Reservoir morphology. Derived Properties - Porosity and Permeability. Tertiary Propertiesand Petrophysical Characteristics. Data Requirements . Regional scale investigations. Field scale studies. Quality ranking of flow units. Pore-scale features. Depositional Reservoirs. Finding and interpreting depositional reservoirs.Selected examples of depositional reservoirs. North Haynesville field. Location, setting, reservoir characteristics, and geological concept. Conley field. Location, setting, depositional succession, reservoir characteristics, and geological concept. Diagenetic Reservoirs. Finding and interpreting diagenetic reservoirs. Field examples of diagenetic reservoirs. Overton field. Location andbackground, setting, depositional and diagenetic characteristics, reservoir characteristics, and geological concept. Happy field. Location, setting, depositional and diagenetic characteristics, reservoir characteristics, and geological concept. Fractured Reservoirs. Finding and interpreting fractured reservoirs. Field examples of fractured reservoirs. Quanah City field. Location, setting, depositional and diagenetic characteristics, and geological concept. Dickinson field area, North Dakota. Location, setting, depositional and diagenetic characteristics, and geological concept. Conclusions. Review Questions. References Cited.

• ISBN: 978-0-470-16491-4
• Editorial: John Wiley & Sons
• Encuadernacion: Cartoné
• Páginas: 288
• Fecha Publicación: 01/07/2008
• Nº Volúmenes: 1
• Idioma: Inglés